Target 现在是最难抓取的电商网站之一。它使用动态 CSS 选择器、懒加载内容以及强大的拦截系统,让抓取变得几乎不可能。阅读完本指南后,你将能够像专业人士一样抓取 Target。我们将介绍两种不同的产品列表提取方法:
- 如何使用 Python 和 Scraping Browser 抓取 Target
- 如何使用 Claude 和 Bright Data 的 MCP Server 抓取 Target
如何使用 Python 抓取 Target
我们将手把手演示如何用 Python 手动抓取 Target 列表。Target 的内容是动态加载的,如果不用无头浏览器,结果往往是不完整的。首先,我们演示使用 Requests 和 BeautifulSoup 抓取。然后,我们再演示如何用 Selenium 提取内容。
检查网站结构
在开始编码前,我们需要先检查 Target 的 搜索结果页面。检查后你会发现,所有的产品卡片都有一个 data-test
值 @web/site-top-of-funnel/ProductCardWrapper
。我们正是要用这个值作为 CSS 选择器来提取数据。
仅用 Requests 和 BeautifulSoup 不可行
如果你还没安装 Requests 和 BeautifulSoup,可以通过 pip 安装:
pip install requests beautifulsoup4
下面的代码展示了一个基础的抓取器。我们通过 Bright Data API Key 设置请求头,用 application/json
。data
中包含了我们的配置,比如 zone 名称、Target URL 和返回格式。找到产品卡片后,遍历它们,提取每个产品的 title
、link
和 price
。
所有提取到的产品会存到一个数组,抓取完成后再写入 JSON 文件。注意当元素未找到时用 continue
跳过。这是因为如果某个产品尚未完全加载,没有浏览器渲染我们无法等待内容加载。
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import json
#headers to send to the web unlocker api
headers = {
"Authorization": "your-bright-data-api-key",
"Content-Type": "application/json"
}
#our configuration
data = {
"zone": "web_unlocker1",
"url": "https://www.target.com/s?searchTerm=laptop",
"format": "raw",
}
#send the request to the api
response = requests.post(
"https://api.brightdata.com/request",
json=data,
headers=headers
)
#array for scraped products
scraped_products = []
card_selector = "@web/site-top-of-funnel/ProductCardWrapper"
#parse them with beautifulsoup
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text, "html.parser")
cards = soup.select(f"div[data-test='{card_selector}']")
#log the amount of cards found for debugging purposes
print("products found", len(cards))
#iterate through the cards
for card in cards:
#find the product data
#if a product hasn't loaded yet, drop it from the list
listing_text = card.text
link_element = card.select_one("a[data-test='product-title']")
if not link_element:
continue
title = link_element.get("aria-label").replace("\"")
link = link_element.get("href")
price = card.select_one("span[data-test='current-price'] span")
if not price:
continue
product_info = {
"title": title,
"link": f"https://www.target.com{link}",
"price": price.text
}
#add the extracted product to our scraped data
scraped_products.append(product_info)
#write our extracted data to a JSON file
with open("output.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
json.dump(scraped_products, file, indent=4)
仅用 Requests 和 BeautifulSoup,我们确实能拿到页面,但加载不完全。下面是仅抓取到的 4 条完整结果:
[
{
"title": "Lenovo LOQ 15 15.6\" 1920 x 1080 FHD 144Hz Gaming Laptop Intel Core i5-12450HX 12GB RAM DDR5 512GB SSD NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 6GB Luna Grey",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-loq-15-15-6-1920-x-1080-fhd-144hz-gaming-laptop-intel-core-i5-12450hx-12gb-ram-ddr5-512gb-ssd-nvidia-geforce-rtx-3050-6gb-luna-grey/-/A-93972673#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$569.99"
},
{
"title": "Lenovo Flex 5i 14\" WUXGA 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop, Intel Core i5-1235U, 8GB RAM, 512GB SSD, Intel Iris Xe Graphics, Windows 11 Home",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-flex-5i-14-wuxga-2-in-1-touchscreen-laptop-intel-core-i5-1235u-8gb-ram-512gb-ssd-intel-iris-xe-graphics-windows-11-home/-/A-91620960#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$469.99"
},
{
"title": "HP Envy x360 14\" Full HD 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop, Intel Core 5 120U, 8GB RAM, 512GB SSD, Windows 11 Home",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/hp-envy-x360-14-full-hd-2-in-1-touchscreen-laptop-intel-core-5-120u-8gb-ram-512gb-ssd-windows-11-home/-/A-92708401#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$569.99"
},
{
"title": "HP Inc. Essential Laptop Computer 17.3\" HD+ Intel Core 8 GB memory; 256 GB SSD",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/hp-inc-essential-laptop-computer-17-3-hd-intel-core-8-gb-memory-256-gb-ssd/-/A-92469343#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$419.99"
}
]
使用 Requests 和 BeautifulSoup,我们能访问页面,但无法加载全部结果。
使用 Python + Selenium 抓取
我们需要浏览器来渲染页面,这就是 Selenium 的作用。先运行:
pip install selenium
下面的代码连接到远程 Selenium 实例(Scraping Browser)。逻辑与上面类似,多出的部分是错误处理和预设等待,以确保页面内容加载完毕。
from selenium.webdriver import Remote, ChromeOptions
from selenium.webdriver.chromium.remote_connection import ChromiumRemoteConnection
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.common.exceptions import NoSuchElementException, TimeoutException
import json
import time
import sys
AUTH = 'brd-customer-<your-username>-zone-<your-zone-name>:<your-password>'
SBR_WEBDRIVER = f'https://{AUTH}@brd.superproxy.io:9515'
def safe_print(*args):
#force safe ascii-only output on windows terminals
text = " ".join(str(arg) for arg in args)
try:
sys.stdout.write(text + '\n')
except UnicodeEncodeError:
sys.stdout.write(text.encode('ascii', errors='replace').decode() + '\n')
#our actual runtime
def main():
#array for scraped products
scraped_products = []
card_selector = "@web/site-top-of-funnel/ProductCardWrapper"
safe_print('Connecting to Bright Data SBR Browser API...')
#remote connection config to scraping browser
sbr_connection = ChromiumRemoteConnection(SBR_WEBDRIVER, 'goog', 'chrome')
#launch scraping browser
with Remote(sbr_connection, options=ChromeOptions()) as driver:
safe_print('Connected! Navigating...')
driver.get("https://www.target.com/s?searchTerm=laptop")
#set a 30 second timeout for items to load
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 30)
safe_print('Waiting for initial product cards...')
try:
wait.until(
EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, f"div[data-test='{card_selector}']"))
)
except TimeoutException:
safe_print("No product cards loaded at all — possible block or site structure change.")
return
#get the document height for some scrolling math
safe_print('Starting pixel-step scroll loop...')
last_height = driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")
scroll_attempt = 0
max_scroll_attempts = 10
#gently scroll down the page
while scroll_attempt < max_scroll_attempts:
driver.execute_script("window.scrollBy(0, window.innerHeight);")
time.sleep(1.5)
new_height = driver.execute_script("return document.body.scrollHeight")
if new_height == last_height:
safe_print("Reached page bottom.")
break
last_height = new_height
scroll_attempt += 1
safe_print("Scrolling done — doing final settle nudges to keep session alive...")
try:
for _ in range(5):
driver.execute_script("window.scrollBy(0, -50); window.scrollBy(0, 50);")
time.sleep(1)
except Exception as e:
safe_print(f"Connection closed during final settle: {type(e).__name__} — {e}")
return
#now that everything's loaded, find the product cards
safe_print("Scraping product cards...")
try:
product_cards = driver.find_elements(By.CSS_SELECTOR, f"div[data-test='{card_selector}']")
safe_print(f"Found {len(product_cards)} cards.")
except Exception as e:
safe_print(f"Failed to find product cards: {type(e).__name__} — {e}")
return
#drop empty cards and extract data from the rest
for card in product_cards:
inner_html = card.get_attribute("innerHTML").strip()
if not inner_html or len(inner_html) < 50:
continue
safe_print("\n--- CARD HTML (truncated) ---\n", inner_html[:200])
try:
link_element = card.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "a[data-test='product-title']")
title = link_element.get_attribute("aria-label") or link_element.text.strip()
link = link_element.get_attribute("href")
except NoSuchElementException:
safe_print("Link element not found in card, skipping.")
continue
try:
price_element = card.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "span[data-test='current-price'] span")
price = price_element.text.strip()
except NoSuchElementException:
price = "N/A"
product_info = {
"title": title,
"link": f"https://www.target.com{link}" if link and link.startswith("/") else link,
"price": price
}
scraped_products.append(product_info)
#write the extracted products to a json file
if scraped_products:
with open("scraped-products.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
json.dump(scraped_products, file, indent=2)
safe_print(f"Done! Saved {len(scraped_products)} products to scraped-products.json")
else:
safe_print("No products scraped — nothing to save.")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
正如你所见,使用 Selenium 可得到更完整的结果。我们提取到 8 条,而不是 4 条。
[
{
"title": "Lenovo LOQ 15 15.6\" 1920 x 1080 FHD 144Hz Gaming Laptop Intel Core i5-12450HX 12GB RAM DDR5 512GB SSD NVIDIA GeForce RTX 3050 6GB Luna Grey",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-loq-15-15-6-1920-x-1080-fhd-144hz-gaming-laptop-intel-core-i5-12450hx-12gb-ram-ddr5-512gb-ssd-nvidia-geforce-rtx-3050-6gb-luna-grey/-/A-93972673#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$569.99"
},
{
"title": "Lenovo Flex 5i 14\" WUXGA 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop, Intel Core i5-1235U, 8GB RAM, 512GB SSD, Intel Iris Xe Graphics, Windows 11 Home",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-flex-5i-14-wuxga-2-in-1-touchscreen-laptop-intel-core-i5-1235u-8gb-ram-512gb-ssd-intel-iris-xe-graphics-windows-11-home/-/A-91620960#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$469.99"
},
{
"title": "HP Inc. Essential Laptop Computer 15.6\" HD Intel Core i5 8 GB memory; 256 GB SSD",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/hp-inc-essential-laptop-computer-15-6-hd-intel-core-i5-8-gb-memory-256-gb-ssd/-/A-1002589475#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$819.99"
},
{
"title": "HP Envy x360 14\" Full HD 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop, Intel Core 5 120U, 8GB RAM, 512GB SSD, Windows 11 Home",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/hp-envy-x360-14-full-hd-2-in-1-touchscreen-laptop-intel-core-5-120u-8gb-ram-512gb-ssd-windows-11-home/-/A-92708401#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$569.99"
},
{
"title": "Lenovo Legion Pro 7i 16\" WQXGA OLED 240Hz Gaming Notebook Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX 32GB RAM 1TB SSD NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070Ti Eclipse Black",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-legion-pro-7i-16-wqxga-oled-240hz-gaming-notebook-intel-core-ultra-9-275hx-32gb-ram-1tb-ssd-nvidia-geforce-rtx-5070ti-eclipse-black/-/A-1002300555#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$2,349.99"
},
{
"title": "Lenovo LOQ 15.6\" 1920 x 1080 FHD 144Hz Gaming Notebook Intel Core i5-12450HX 12GB DDR5 512GB SSD NVIDIA GeForce 2050 4GB DDR6 Luna Grey",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/lenovo-loq-15-6-1920-x-1080-fhd-144hz-gaming-notebook-intel-core-i5-12450hx-12gb-ddr5-512gb-ssd-nvidia-geforce-2050-4gb-ddr6-luna-grey/-/A-1000574845#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$519.99"
},
{
"title": "HP Envy x360 14\u201d WUXGA 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop, AMD Ryzen 5 8640HS, 16GB RAM, 512GB SSD, Windows 11 Home",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/hp-envy-x360-14-wuxga-2-in-1-touchscreen-laptop-amd-ryzen-5-8640hs-16gb-ram-512gb-ssd-windows-11-home/-/A-92918585#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$669.99"
},
{
"title": "Acer Aspire 3 - 15.6\" Touchscreen Laptop AMD Ryzen 5 7520U 2.80GHz 16GB RAM 1TB SSD W11H - Manufacturer Refurbished",
"link": "https://www.target.com/p/acer-aspire-3-15-6-touchscreen-laptop-amd-ryzen-5-7520u-2-80ghz-16gb-1tb-w11h-manufacturer-refurbished/-/A-93221896#lnk=sametab",
"price": "$299.99"
}
]
使用 Selenium 结果更好,但我们还能用更少的代码、甚至零代码来提升效率。
如何使用 Claude 抓取 Target
接下来,我们演示如何使用 Claude 和 Bright Data MCP Server 完成同样任务。首先打开 Claude Desktop,确保已有可用的 Web Unlocker 和 Scraping Browser zones。虽然 MCP Server 并不强制要求 Scraping Browser,但 Target 需要浏览器渲染。
配置 MCP 连接
在 Claude Desktop 中,点击“File”→“Settings”,然后在“Developer”中选择“Edit Config”。把下面代码粘入配置文件,替换 API token 和 zone 名称:
{
"mcpServers": {
"Bright Data": {
"command": "npx",
"args": ["@brightdata/mcp"],
"env": {
"API_TOKEN": "<your-brightdata-api-token>",
"WEB_UNLOCKER_ZONE": "<optional—override default zone name 'mcp_unlocker'>",
"BROWSER_AUTH": "<optional—enable full browser control via Scraping Browser>"
}
}
}
}
保存后重启 Claude,在开发者设置中你会看到 Bright Data 选项。如图所示:
连接成功后,向 Claude 提问以确认连接可用:
Are you connected to the Bright Data MCP?
如果一切正常,Claude 会如图所示回应,确认并说明可做的操作:
执行实际抓取
从此步骤开始,操作非常简单。给 Claude 提供你的 Target 列表 URL,然后让它开始工作:
Please extract laptops from https://www.target.com/s?searchTerm=laptop
执行过程中,如果弹出让 Claude 使用某些工具的权限请求,不要惊讶。这是安全特性,只有你授权后 Claude 才会调用工具。
通常 Claude 会请求使用 scrape_as_markdown
、extract
等工具。务必允许,否则它无法抓取数据。
存储结果
接着,让 Claude 将结果存储到 JSON 文件中。几秒钟后,你会在 Claude 输出中看到结构良好的详细 JSON 文件。
打开文件后,你会发现每个产品的细节远超最初的简单抓取:
{
"source": "Target.com",
"search_term": "laptop",
"extraction_date": "2025-07-09",
"total_results": 834,
"current_page": 1,
"total_pages": 35,
"special_offers": "Up to 50% off select laptops during Target Circle week (ends 7/12)",
"laptops": [
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Lenovo IdeaPad 1i Laptop",
"brand": "Lenovo",
"price": {
"current": 279.00,
"regular": 399.00,
"discount_percentage": 30
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "15.6\"",
"display_type": "FHD Display",
"processor": "Intel Celeron N4500",
"graphics": "Intel UHD Graphics",
"memory": "4GB RAM",
"storage": "128GB eMMC",
"operating_system": "Windows 11 Home",
"connectivity": "Wi-Fi 6"
},
"color": "Grey",
"rating": {
"stars": 4.4,
"total_reviews": 22
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Fri, Jul 11",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": true
},
{
"id": 2,
"name": "HP Essential Laptop",
"brand": "HP Inc.",
"price": {
"current": 489.00,
"regular": 599.00,
"discount_percentage": 18
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "17.3\"",
"display_type": "HD+ 1600×900 Touchscreen 60Hz",
"processor": "Intel Core i3-N305",
"graphics": "Intel UHD Graphics",
"memory": "4GB RAM",
"storage": "128GB SSD",
"operating_system": "Windows 11 Home",
"connectivity": "Wi-Fi 6"
},
"color": "Silver",
"rating": {
"stars": null,
"total_reviews": 0
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Fri, Jul 11",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": true
},
{
"id": 3,
"name": "HP 15.6\" FHD IPS Notebook",
"brand": "HP Inc.",
"price": {
"current": 399.99,
"regular": 669.99,
"discount_percentage": 40
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "15.6\"",
"display_type": "FHD IPS",
"processor": "Intel Core i5-1334U",
"graphics": null,
"memory": "12GB RAM",
"storage": "512GB SSD",
"operating_system": null,
"connectivity": null
},
"color": "Natural Silver",
"rating": {
"stars": 5.0,
"total_reviews": 2
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Sat, Jul 12",
"free_shipping": true
},
"bestseller": true,
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 4,
"name": "Lenovo Flex 5i 14\" WUXGA 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop",
"brand": "Lenovo",
"price": {
"current": 469.99,
"regular": 679.99,
"discount_percentage": 31
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "14\"",
"display_type": "WUXGA 2-in-1 Touchscreen",
"processor": "Intel Core i5-1235U",
"graphics": "Intel Iris Xe Graphics",
"memory": "8GB RAM",
"storage": "512GB SSD",
"operating_system": "Windows 11 Home",
"connectivity": null
},
"color": null,
"rating": {
"stars": 4.3,
"total_reviews": 3
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Fri, Jul 11",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 5,
"name": "HP Envy x360 14\" Full HD 2-in-1 Touchscreen Laptop",
"brand": "HP Inc.",
"price": {
"current": 569.99,
"regular": 799.99,
"discount_percentage": 29
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "14\"",
"display_type": "Full HD 2-in-1 Touchscreen",
"processor": "Intel Core 5 120U",
"graphics": null,
"memory": "8GB RAM",
"storage": "512GB SSD",
"operating_system": "Windows 11 Home",
"connectivity": null
},
"color": null,
"rating": {
"stars": 4.3,
"total_reviews": 152
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Fri, Jul 11",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 6,
"name": "HP Inc. Essential Laptop Computer",
"brand": "HP Inc.",
"price": {
"current": 419.99,
"regular": 649.99,
"discount_percentage": 35
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "17.3\"",
"display_type": "HD+",
"processor": "Intel Core",
"graphics": null,
"memory": "8GB RAM",
"storage": "256GB SSD",
"operating_system": null,
"connectivity": null
},
"color": null,
"rating": {
"stars": 4.4,
"total_reviews": 2222
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Sat, Jul 12",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 7,
"name": "ASUS Vivobook 17.3\" FHD Daily Laptop",
"brand": "ASUS",
"price": {
"current": 429.00,
"regular": 579.00,
"discount_percentage": 26
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "17.3\"",
"display_type": "FHD",
"processor": "Intel Core i3",
"graphics": "Intel UHD",
"memory": "4GB RAM",
"storage": "128GB SSD",
"operating_system": "Windows 11 Home",
"connectivity": "Wi-Fi",
"features": ["HDMI", "Webcam"]
},
"color": "Blue",
"rating": {
"stars": null,
"total_reviews": 0
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Fri, Jul 11",
"free_shipping": true
},
"sponsored": true
},
{
"id": 8,
"name": "Lenovo Legion Pro 7i 16\" WQXGA OLED 240Hz Gaming Notebook",
"brand": "Lenovo",
"price": {
"current": 2349.99,
"regular": 2649.99,
"discount_percentage": 11
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "16\"",
"display_type": "WQXGA OLED 240Hz",
"processor": "Intel Core Ultra 9 275HX",
"graphics": "NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5070Ti",
"memory": "32GB RAM",
"storage": "1TB SSD",
"operating_system": null,
"connectivity": null
},
"color": "Eclipse Black",
"rating": {
"stars": null,
"total_reviews": 0
},
"availability": {
"shipping": "Arrives Sat, Jul 12",
"free_shipping": true
},
"category": "Gaming",
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 9,
"name": "Acer 315 - 15.6\" 1920 x 1080 Chromebook",
"brand": "Acer",
"price": {
"current": 109.99,
"regular": 199.00,
"discount_percentage": 45,
"price_range": "109.99 - 219.99",
"regular_range": "199.00 - 404.99"
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "15.6\"",
"display_type": "1920 x 1080",
"processor": null,
"graphics": null,
"memory": null,
"storage": null,
"operating_system": "ChromeOS",
"connectivity": null
},
"color": null,
"rating": {
"stars": 3.8,
"total_reviews": 69
},
"availability": {
"shipping": null,
"free_shipping": null
},
"condition": "Manufacturer Refurbished",
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 10,
"name": "HP Chromebook 14\" HD Laptop",
"brand": "HP",
"price": {
"current": 219.00,
"regular": 299.00,
"discount_percentage": 27
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "14\"",
"display_type": "HD",
"processor": "Intel Celeron N4120",
"graphics": null,
"memory": "4GB RAM",
"storage": "64GB eMMC",
"operating_system": "Chrome OS",
"connectivity": null
},
"color": null,
"rating": {
"stars": 4.1,
"total_reviews": 40
},
"availability": {
"shipping": null,
"free_shipping": null
},
"sponsored": false
},
{
"id": 11,
"name": "HP 15.6\" Laptop - Intel Pentium N200",
"brand": "HP",
"price": {
"current": 419.99,
"regular": null,
"discount_percentage": null
},
"specifications": {
"screen_size": "15.6\"",
"display_type": null,
"processor": "Intel Pentium N200",
"graphics": null,
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}
结论
Target 虽然难抓,但并非不可能。手动方式需要浏览器渲染、自动滚动、等待和代理连接;也可以创建 AI 代理,自动应对 Target 的动态内容。Bright Data 的 Scraping Browser 和 MCP Server,让开发者或非开发者都能轻松搞定。
Bright Data 还提供专门的 Target Scraper API,可将结果直推到你指定的存储。
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